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This is a first research release, not a complete record of every war. Historical sources can disagree; estimates and geographic approximations are labelled.
740 COW-coded wars. Inter-state (95), extra-state (163), and non-state (62) releases cover 1816–2007. Intra-state v5.1 (420) covers 1816–2014. Categories may represent different phases of a wider conflict.
The catalogue follows the source's inclusion rules, including its battle-death threshold. Absence from this map is not evidence of peace. Dates describe coded sustained combat, not necessarily declarations or treaties. "Present" in a source title refers to its historical cutoff, not today.
Regional circles locate the source's broad regions. They are not battle sites or territorial boundaries. Different releases use different regional definitions, retained here. A war in multiple regions appears in each regional count.
Sarkees & Wayman (2010), Resort to War: 1816–2007. Dixon & Sarkees (2016), A Guide to Intra-State Wars. Original releases retrieved 11 September 2026.
23 curated battle and campaign layers supplement the war catalogue. Each campaign file links to its historical sources. Dates and forces follow those accounts; coordinates and arrows are approximate editorial anchors. They do not reconstruct continuous front lines or territorial control. A yearly view combines events within that year; use months or days to follow the sequence.
The five landing sectors and airborne destinations are represented by approximate geographic anchors. Curves indicate movement from southern England; they are not reconstructed ship tracks, flight paths, departure ports, or real-time positions. The within-day sequence (airborne before dawn, seaborne in the morning) reflects the operation's recorded event order; the draw-in animation is a schematic device, not a reconstruction of exact timings or speeds. Line widths are equal because comparable, reviewed force counts for each route are not yet entered.
World coastline: Natural Earth via world-atlas 2.0.2 at 50m resolution. The Normandy close-up uses the 10m coastline, clipped to the Channel so it stays small too. Modern coastline is a reference layer, not a reconstruction of any historical year. No political borders or control zones are asserted.